{"id":19617,"date":"2025-06-09T06:00:00","date_gmt":"2025-06-09T10:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/foodmedcenter.org\/?p=19617"},"modified":"2025-06-08T12:51:34","modified_gmt":"2025-06-08T16:51:34","slug":"study-spotlight-take-away-with-chef-dr-mike-night-owls-morning-birds","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/foodmedcenter.org\/zh_hk\/study-spotlight-take-away-with-chef-dr-mike-night-owls-morning-birds\/","title":{"rendered":"Study Spotlight Take-Away With Chef Dr. Mike: Night Owls &amp; Morning Birds"},"content":{"rendered":"<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>\u201cThe early bird gets the worm, but the early worm gets eaten.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2014 Anonymous<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">We\u2019ve all encountered that singularly annoying person. For some it\u2019s the incessantly hyperbolic perkiness of that coworker whistling Zippity Doo Dah before you\u2019ve even finished your second cup of coffee. For others, it might be that friend who wants to stay out till 5 AM when you have to be at the office by 7 AM. This phenomenon, which has been touched on earlier in this column, refers to an individual\u2019s chronotype; that is, whether their innate circadian rhythm is programmed to function with maximum alertness in the wee hours of dawn (morning person), the typical workday (intermediate type), or late into the evening (night owl). A person\u2019s functional chronotype can be influenced by multiple factors, including sex, age, genetic, environmental, and psychosocial components. Most people fall into an intermediate category. In conjunction with consumption, this area of study is known as chrononutrition.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Previous studies, including those focusing on chrononutrition, have suggested an increased risk of illness associated with individuals who are night owls. Those illnesses include psychiatric disorders such as major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, and migraine headache. This most recent study collected data from over 350,000 people (360,081) in the United Kingdom Biobank database. They found that \u201cpatients with migraine who identify as evening chronotypes experience greater headache-related disability and worse overall physical and mental health than their morning-type counterparts.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/jsr.70066\">The Study:<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The study examined data from the UK Biobank project, which consisted of over 350,000 (360,081) participants.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The cohort consisted of 58% females and 42% males, with a mean age of 56.4 years.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Personal data was self-reported, including chronotype designation; health-related data was retrieved from healthcare ICD 10 codes within the database.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The participants were divided into four groups: morning-type without migraine (210,775), morning-type with migraine (12,194), evening-type without migraine (129,174), and evening-type with migraine (7,938).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Those with the evening or night owl chronotype who also experienced migraine headaches had a statistically significant association with worse physical and mental health.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>The Caveat:<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Previous research has documented a night owl chronotype associated with an increased risk of developing obesity and diabetes. This study found similar results with the night owl migraine group having an average body fat percentage of 34.5%, compared with 31.8% in the morning group without migraines. The individual\u2019s health perception tracked similarly, with only 9.8% of those night owl patients with migraine describing their health as excellent. Sixteen-point-five percent of those with an early morning chronotype and without migraines describe their health as excellent. The researchers concluded that their \u201cresults suggest that evening chronotype is a risk factor for adverse mental and physical health symptoms among migraine patients.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">However, many things can impact both health and the risk of developing or triggering migraine headaches. Certain foods can influence the occurrence and severity of migraines. Excessive caffeine intake and caffeine withdrawal can cause migraine headaches (in some instances, small amounts of caffeine may relieve the symptoms). Other potential food-related triggers include alcohol (particularly red wine due to high levels of histamine and tyramine), aged cheeses (rich in tyramine), processed meats, artificial sweeteners, chocolate, and additives such as monosodium glutamate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This study is an excellent example of <em>potential effect modifiers<\/em> versus causal agents. In clinical research, a mediator lies on the causal pathway between exposure and outcome and is a variable that distorts the apparent relationship between an exposure (e.g., in this case, evening chronotype with migraine headaches) and an outcome (e.g., in this case, worse health) by being associated with both, but not acting as an intermediate in the causal pathway.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">For the results of this study, let us assume another possible hypothesis. That is because the average workday and societal function tend to favor an early morning or intermediate chronotype; those with an evening chronotype experience significantly more societal stress. It is the chronic daily stress that leads to worse health.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">We could test this by allowing individuals with the night owl chronotype to function according to their natural biorhythm and observing the resulting health outcomes. If their health improved, then the conclusion that the night owl chronotype, particularly if the evening chronotype is documented by specific genotype (as discussed in a previous study covered in this column), is <em>causative<\/em> would be incorrect. Being a night owl does not necessarily lead to worse health.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Being a night owl in a society that functions according to this circadian rhythm would not result in worse health. Although the night owl chronotype is associated with the outcome (in this case, worse health) and associated with the exposure (daily life in a typical 9-to-5 society), it is the chronic daily stress associated with the exposure that is causative.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">An effect moderator affects the strength or direction of an exposure&#8217;s effect on an outcome; in this case, the chronotype modifies the impact of living in a 9-to-5 society. This study is an excellent lesson in the subtleties involved in identifying causative pathways from correlational observations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Study:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/action\/showCitFormats?doi=10.1111%2Fjsr.70066\">Baksa, D., Eszlari, N., Torok, D., Hullam, G., Bagdy, G. and Juhasz, G. (2025), Evening Chronotype Associates With Worse Physical and Mental Health and Headache-Related Disability Among Migraine Patients. J Sleep Res e70066. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jsr.70066<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Additional Resources:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"\/zh_hk\/Kivel\u00e4,%20L.,%20M.%20R.%20Papadopoulos,%20and%20N.%20Antypa.%202018.%20\u201cChronotype%20and%20Psychiatric%20Disorders.\u201d%20Current%20Sleep%20Medicine%20Reports%204,%20no.%202:%2094\u2013103.%20https:\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40675-018-0113-8.%0d\/\">Kivel\u00e4, L., M. R. Papadopoulos, and N. Antypa. 2018. \u201cChronotype and Psychiatric Disorders.\u201d Current Sleep Medicine Reports 4, no. 2: 94\u2013103. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40675-018-0113-8.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"\/zh_hk\/Maukonen,%20M.,%20N.%20Kanerva,%20T.%20Partonen,%20et%20al.%202016.%20\u201cThe%20Associations%20Between%20Chronotype,%20a%20Healthy%20Diet%20and%20Obesity.\u201d%20Chronobiology%20International%2033,%20no.%208:%20972\u2013981.%20https:\/doi.org\/10.1080\/07420528.2016.1183022.%0d\/\">Maukonen, M., N. Kanerva, T. Partonen, et al. 2016. \u201cThe Associations Between Chronotype, a Healthy Diet and Obesity.\u201d Chronobiology International 33, no. 8: 972\u2013981. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/07420528.2016.1183022.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"\/zh_hk\/van%20Oosterhout,%20W.,%20E.%20van%20Someren,%20G.%20G.%20Schoonman,%20et%20al.%202018.%20\u201cChronotypes%20and%20Circadian%20Timing%20in%20Migraine.\u201d%20Cephalalgia:%20An%20International%20Journal%20of%20Headache%2038,%20no.%204:%20617\u2013625.%20https:\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0333102417698953.\/\">van Oosterhout, W., E. van Someren, G. G. Schoonman, et al. 2018. \u201cChronotypes and Circadian Timing in Migraine.\u201d Cephalalgia: An International Journal of Headache 38, no. 4: 617\u2013625. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0333102417698953.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bcp.2021.114438\">Taillard, J., P. Sagaspe, P. Philip, and S. Bioulac. 2021. \u201cSleep Timing, Chronotype and Social Jetlag: Impact on Cognitive Abilities and Psychiatric Disorders.\u201d Biochemical Pharmacology 191: 114438. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bcp.2021.114438 .<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"\/zh_hk\/Zhang,%20R.,%20X.%20Cai,%20C.%20Lin,%20et%20al.%202022.%20\u201cThe%20Association%20Between%20Metabolic%20Parameters%20and%20Evening%20Chronotype%20and%20Social%20Jetlag%20in%20Non-Shift%20Workers:%20A%20Meta-Analysis.\u201d%20Frontiers%20in%20Endocrinology%2013:%201008820.%20https:\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fendo.2022.1008820.\/\">Zhang, R., X. Cai, C. Lin, et al. 2022. \u201cThe Association Between Metabolic Parameters and Evening Chronotype and Social Jetlag in Non-Shift Workers: A Meta-Analysis.\u201d Frontiers in Endocrinology 13: 1008820. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fendo.2022.1008820.<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u201cThe early bird gets the worm, but the early worm gets eaten.\u201d \u2014 Anonymous We\u2019ve all encountered that singularly annoying person. For some it\u2019s the incessantly hyperbolic perkiness of that&hellip;<\/p>","protected":false},"author":56,"featured_media":19619,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[11374,786,11367,11371,191,11726,167],"tags":[11600,195,200,305,11576],"class_list":["post-19617","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-culinary-medicine-and-culinary-nutrition","category-featured","category-food-as-treatment-for-disease","category-foods-and-ingredients","category-healthy-living","category-news-and-research-digest","category-resources","tag-chrononutrition","tag-health","tag-sleep","tag-sleep-habits","tag-study-spotlight"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.9 (Yoast SEO v27.9) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Chronotype Impacts Health: Understanding Yourself &#8212;<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Understand how chronotype impacts health and affects your daily life choices, from work schedules to social interactions.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/foodmedcenter.org\/zh_hk\/study-spotlight-take-away-with-chef-dr-mike-night-owls-morning-birds\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"zh_HK\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Study Spotlight Take-Away With Chef Dr. Mike: Night Owls &amp; Morning Birds\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Understand how chronotype impacts health and affects your daily life choices, from work schedules to social interactions.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/foodmedcenter.org\/zh_hk\/study-spotlight-take-away-with-chef-dr-mike-night-owls-morning-birds\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Center For Food As Medicine &amp; Longevity\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/foodmedcenter\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:author\" content=\"chefdrmike\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2025-06-09T10:00:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/foodmedcenter.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/Night-owls.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"711\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1066\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Michael S. 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